在 Python 專案使用 Pydantic 進行資料驗證與模型建立

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實作

建立 main.py 檔。

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from pydantic import BaseModel, EmailStr
from typing import Optional

class User(BaseModel):
    name: str
    age: int
    email: EmailStr
    is_active: Optional[bool] = True

user = User(
    name="Alice",
    age=30,
    email="[email protected]"
)

print(user)

執行腳本。

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python main.py

輸出如下：

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name='Alice' age=30 email='[email protected]' is_active=True

修改 main.py 檔。

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# ...

try:
    user = User(
        name="Bob",
        age="twenty", # 應為整數
        email="bob_at_example.com", # 格式無效
    )
except Exception as e:
    print(e)

執行腳本。

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python main.py

輸出如下：

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2 validation errors for User
age
  Input should be a valid integer, unable to parse string as an integer [type=int_parsing, input_value='twenty', input_type=str]
    For further information visit https://errors.pydantic.dev/2.9/v/int_parsing
email
  value is not a valid email address: An email address must have an @-sign. [type=value_error, input_value='bob_at_example.com', input_type=str]

參考資料